金属非金属矿山地下空间现状及开发利用研究

近年来,由于矿山资源枯竭以及国家供给侧改革政策的实施,大量矿山面临关停,倘若只是简单关闭则会造成大量资源浪费,同时引发相关地质灾害问题。同时,关停的矿山仍然遗留了大量的资源可供利用,矿山地下空间作为一类特殊的地下空间资源,具有隔音隔震、恒温恒湿、屏蔽性好等天然优势,近来逐渐被越来越多的学者以及相关部门重视。本文以金属非金属矿山地下空间为研究对象,系统梳理我国金属非金属矿山地下空间资源分布规律及利用现状,并提出相应开发利用对策。以梅山铁矿为典型案例,结合当前国际废弃矿山成功开发利用模式及案例,提出地下储库型、污水处置型和科教型三种开发利用模式。本研究成果可以为我国金属非金属矿山地下空间利用决策提供战略支撑,为国家合理布局金属非金属矿山地下空间开发利用模式提供理论参考。

Study on the Status and Utilization of Underground Space in Metallic and Non-metallic Mines

In recent years, due to the exhaustion of mine resources and the implementation of the national supply-side reform policy, a large number of mines are facing closure. If they are closed, a large number of resources will be wasted, and related geological disasters will be triggered. However, the closed mines left plenty of resources to use. As a kind of special underground space resource, mine underground space has natural advantages such as sound insulation, constant temperature and humidity, and good shielding, etc. Recently, more and more scholars and relevant departments have gradually paid attention to it. Taking the underground space of metal and nonmetal mines as the research object, this paper systematically sorts out the distribution law and utilization status of underground space resources of metal and nonmetal mines in China, and proposes corresponding development and utilization countermeasures. Taking Meishan Iron Mine as a typical case and combining with the successful development and utilization modes and cases of international abandoned mines, three development and utilization modes, namely underground storage, sewage disposal and science and education, are put forward. The results of this study can provide strategic support for the decision-making of underground space utilization of metal and nonmetal mines in China, and provide theoretical reference for the rational layout of the development and utilization mode of underground space utilization of metal and nonmetal mines in China.