地铁站出入口客流分布及其影响因素分析

以上海人民广场地铁站为例,通过分析其出入口空间环境特征及群体交通行为,探究影响出入口客流分布的相关变量因素,为地铁站出入口的合理规划布局提供一定依据。首先,采用空间句法、兴趣点(POI)数据分析法结合传统实地调研分别定量分析人民广场地铁站18个出入口的外部空间特征(地面街道集成度、穿行度和POI分布现状)以及内部空间特征(地下空间出入口的集成度、穿行度和便捷度);同时利用行人计数法获取各出入口在特定时间内的现场人流截面穿行量;最后通过建立多元线性回归模型探讨各变量与出入口客流分布之间的相关性。结果表明,地铁站出入口客流分布主要受地铁站外部空间特征影响,并与出入口所在街道可达性和区域功能混合程度有较大关联。

Analysis on the Passenger Flow Distribution and Its Influencing Factors of the Entrances and Exits of Metro Station

Taking Shanghai People's Square Metro Station (SPSMS) as a case study, this paper investigated relevant variables influencing the passenger flow distribution of each entrance/exit by analyzing the spatial environment characteristics and group traffic behavior quantitatively, which provides certain basis for the rational planning and layout of the subway entrance. Firstly, methods of space syntax, point of interest (POI) data, traditional field investigation and pedestrian counting were adopted to measure the external spatial characteristics (integration degree, choice value, and POI distribution) and internal spatial characteristics (integration degree, choice value, and degree of convenience) of each entrance/exit. At the same time, pedestrian counting method was used to obtain the passenger flow of 18 entrances and exits in a specific time. Finally, the correlation between variables and the distribution of passenger flow at the entrance and exit were further explored by establishing multiple linear regression models. The results show that the passenger flow distribution at the entrances and exits of subway stations is mainly affected by the external spatial characteristics of subway stations, and has a great correlation with the accessibility of the streets where the exits and entrances are located and the mixing degree of regional functions.