黄河下游河道大断面平滩流量推算新方法

为尽可能准确地计算黄河下游各河段尤其是瓶颈河段的平滩流量，推求了河道大断面平滩流量计算的新方法。结论认为：①用曼宁公式等方法计算诸如黄河下游河道这样的河流大断面的平滩流量会带来很大的偏差；②用相对水位流量关系来反映断面与绝对高程无关的水位流量关系，认为相对水位流量关系沿程是逐渐变化的；③提出了在汛期利用经过分析取舍后的出水高度资料计算平滩流量的实时校正的方法，但这种方法计算的平滩流量多数情况下偏于保守；④新方法的计算结果很大程度上依赖于观测资料的精度和可靠性，因此，在利用实测资料之前需要对其进行具体分析。

Practical New Method on Bankfull Discharge Calculation of Major Bed of the Lower Yellow River Channel

The paper calculates a new method of bankfull discharge of major bed in order to calculate the bankfull discharge of each section especially the bottleneck section of the lower Yellow River as accurate as possible.The outcomes show that a) to use Manning formula to calculate the bankfull discharge of such major bed of the lower Yellow River will have a big deviation;b) it considers that relative stage-discharge curve,which reflects section and absolute elevation not affecting the curve is changed gradually;c) it puts forward to use the method of analyzed and selected data of outflow height to calculate real-time correction of bankfull discharge during flood season,but in the majority condition,the bankfull discharge calculated by this method is conservative and;d) the calculation results of the new method mainly depend on the precision and reliability of the observed data.Thus,it should make a specific analysis before using the data.