都市企业主义视角下工业遗产绿色更新路径及其影响——废弃铁路蜕变高线公园

工业遗产研究自20世纪60年代以来在国际上得到广泛关注,已逐渐超越单一“建筑学”视角,向交叉学科方向发展。为推动这一进程,从城市文化景观与治理的角度探讨存量发展背景下工业遗产实现景观更新和功能转化的路径及其影响。以高线公园为例,通过都市企业主义理论深入剖析其绿色更新路径中增长联盟的协调机制及城市影响。研究发现:高线公园更新经历了多方僵持的争议期、达成共识的建设期、合作共赢的运营期3个阶段。在争议阶段,城市发展的不同参与者出于各自利益对高线的去留各执己见,但也为公园理念的孵化和联盟形成提供契机;在建设阶段,通过资金捆绑扩大了增长联盟,各利益群体对高线融资进行公园景观重塑;在运营阶段,通过弹性结盟扩容增长联盟,并通过良好的合作机制营销高线公园文化品牌,极大提升了该地区形象,吸引了大量投资。高线公园景观改造是近年来环境主义兴起背景下工业遗产绿色更新的典型案例,虽然形成了新的城市景观并带来周边地产增值,但亦加速了地方绅士化进程,其更新路径和影响为中国工业遗产绿色转型提供启示的同时也值得景观设计同行反思。

Urban Entrepreneurialism and Green Renewal of Industrial Heritage:Mechanisms and Impacts--Implications and Reflections on Highline Park

The study of industrial heritage has gradually gone beyond the singular"architecture"perspective and evolved toward the multidisciplinary direction since it received widespread attention in the world in the 1960s.This research aims to advance this process and explore the path and impact of industrial heritage's landscape renewal and functional transformation against the backdrop of stock development from the perspective of urban cultural landscape and governance.Taking the Highline park as an example,it decodes how the growth coalition evolves and impacts urban development through the theory of urban entrepreneurialism.The research unfolds three stages in highline park renewal.In the initial dispute period,stakeholders bargain for demolition/retention of highline for their own interests,giving rise to the idea of“highline park”and growth coalition;the coalition is enlarged through capital bundling whereby the area of highline railway is reshaped;flexible alliance in post-construction further extends highline coalition and marks the park as a global cultural brand for investment attraction.Highline park typifies a green renewal of industrial heritage against the rise of environmentalism.Although it has remolded a new urban landscape and brought added value to surrounding real estate,local gentrification has unfortunately been accelerated,which generates significant insights into China’s green renewal of industrial heritage.