机械高稳态超疏水表面的研究进展

超疏水表面因其具有低粘附和排斥水的特性,广泛应用于冷凝传热、抗结冰、减阻、防腐蚀、油水分离及自清洁等众多领域,具有极其重要的应用前景.然而,超疏水表面在机械作用下容易造成超疏水性部分或全部丧失,限制其实际应用,故关于该表面机械稳态性问题研究的重要性凸显.综述了超疏水表面在机械作用下的失稳机制和稳态性评价方式,根据超疏水...

Research Progress of Superhydrophobic Surface with Mechanical High Robustness-state

Superhydrophobic surface are widely used in many fields, such as condensation heat transfer, anti-icing, drag reduction, anti-corrosion, oil-water separation, and self-cleaning due to its low adhesion and repellent-water nature. However, the superhydrophobic surface is easy to lose of its superhydrophobicity under the mechanical action partly or completely, which limits its practical application and thus the importance of research on the mechanical robustness-state of the surface is highlighted. In this paper, the instability mechanism and stability evaluation methods of superhydrophobic surface are reviewed under mechanical action. According to the failure differences of micro/nanostructures and low surface energy substances on superhydrophobic surfaces, the realization strategies of mechanical high robustness-state superhydrophobic surfaces are classified into three categories:self-repairing surface was constructed to make up for the lack of hydrophobic substances or structural damage by self-repairing molecules in the coating; hierarchical micro-structure surface was constructed to resist mechanical damage by selecting two-scale (large-micron/small-nano) or full hydrophobic single-level (or multi-level) structure; multi-component synergistic enhanced surface was constructed to improve the inherent strength of the coating or the bondign strength between the coating and the substrate by the action of chemical bond or van der Waals force. All three types of strategies mentioned above had limitations in certain extent, and it is still a scientific difficulty to achieve large-scale industrial application of superhydrophobic surface, and its future research topics and development directions are also prospected.