湖北省水产品中持久性有机污染物残留状况分析

目的了解湖北省居民日常消费的水产品中持久性有机污染物的残留情况。方法采集水产品品种39种共285批次,采用气相色谱-质谱法测定水产品中的16种多环芳烃、15种有机氯农药及相关降解产物和31种多氯联苯单体残留,并进行统计分析。结果3环化合物检出率为46%,4环化合物检出率为36%,水产样品中检出的多环芳烃类目标物以3环、4环为主,为中、低环化合物,6环化合物在所有样品中均未检出。各品种鱼体内多环芳烃总量排序为:鲫鱼>鳊鱼、刁子鱼>草鱼、财鱼、桂鱼、鲶鱼、鲢鱼>龙虾、泥鳅、黄鳝、黄颡鱼,多环芳烃总量最高的为鲫鱼,检出含量为85.34μg/kg。结论在湖北省养殖环节和流通环节的水产品中,多环芳烃类化合物残留主要为蒽、芴、萘、菲,均为3环、4环化合物;未检出多氯联苯类化合物;水产样品中有机氯农药残留主要为滴滴涕、氧氯丹、六氯苯。

Analysis of persistent organic pollutants residues in aquatic products of Hubei province

Objective To understand the residual situation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in aquatic products consumed by residents in Hubei Province. Methods 285 batches of 39 species of aquatic products were collected, the residues of 16 PAHs, 15 OCPs and related degradation products, 31 PCBs in aquatic products were determined by GC-MS, and the qualitative and quantitative analysiswere carried out. Results In the aquatic products of aquaculture and circulation in Hubei Province, the main residues of PAHs were anthracene, fluorene, naphthalene and phenanthrene, which were 3-ring and 4-ring compounds; no PCBs were detected; the main OCPs residues in aquatic samples were DDE, P, oxychlordane and hexachlorobenzene. Conclusion The levels of some pesticide residues in aquatic products are lower than those reported in the literature in 1990s. However, the long-term residues, bioaccumulation, long half-life and high toxicity are still worthy of attention. In addition, the simultaneous enrichment of multiple pollutants in aquatic samples and the food safety after enrichment are also worthy of attention.