农药核酸适配体筛选及应用的研究进展

核酸适配体是通过指数富集的配体系统进化(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment,SELEX)技术在体外筛选到的单链寡核苷酸,与靶标具有高亲和力和特异性,且稳定性好,易于合成和修饰,被认为是生物传感器的理想识别元件之一,在农药残留快速检测应用中表现出极大的潜力。近年来,SELEX技术在农药适配体筛选方面不断发展,目前已筛选获得多种农药适配体,并且通过诸多方法研究所筛选的适配体与农药分子的结合机理,为适配体在农药残留快速检测的进一步应用提供参考依据。本文概括和总结了以农药为靶标的适配体筛选方法、农药分子与适配体的结合机理,并简要总结了以适配体为识别元件的生物传感器在农药残留快速检测中的应用。

Recent advances in screening and application of aptamers in pesticides

Aptamers are single stranded oligonucleotides screened in vitro by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX),which can bind to targets with high affinity and specificity, have good stability, and easy synthesis and modification. Aptamers are considered as one of the ideal recognition elements of biosensors, and show great potential in the rapid detection of pesticide residues. In recent years, SELEX technology has been developing continuously in pesticide aptamers screening, and has been screened to obtain a variety of pesticide aptamers. Moreover, the binding mechanism of aptamers and pesticides has been studied by many methods, which providing reference for the further application of aptamers in rapid detection of pesticides residues. This paper mainly introduces the screening method of pesticide target, the binding mechanism of pesticide molecules with aptamers, and briefly summarizes the application of biosensor based on aptamer in the rapid detection of pesticide residues.