我国未来电网建设从巴西电网大停电应吸取的经验

2009年11月11日，巴西电网发生全国性大面积停电事故。这是1999年以来与依泰普水电站输电系统故障相关联的第四次大停电事故，受到国外媒体和国内电力界广泛关注。根据各网站对巴西电网大停电的报导资料，分析了大停电的起因、发展过程、影响因素和深层次根源。巴西电网大停电的深层次根源是依泰普水电站的＋600kV、6300Mw高压直流输电系统以及765kV双回交流输电系统，大容量远距离直接接入圣保罗地区电网，直流输送容量超过地区电网最大负荷／0％以上。在分析巴西电网大停电的基础上，探讨了我国未来电网建设从巴西电网大停电应吸取的经验和教训。最重要的经验和教训是：在我国未来电网规划、建设和运行中应避免大容量远距离点对点直接输电到地区电网；根据我国未来的发电能源和负荷中心特点．宜规划和建设1000kV／＇／50kV同步联网电网，以网络输电代替大容量远距离点对点直接输电，构筑安全经济的全国同步大电网。

Lessons Learned by China's Future Power Grid Construction from Brazilian Blackout

Brazil suffered a massive power failure on November 10. 2009, and it was the fourth severe blackout attributed to the power transmission system of the Itaipu Hydropower Station since 1999, and drew extensive attention from foreign media and China's electric power industry. This paper, based on all the related information and data available on major websites both at home and abroad, analyzes the causes, development process and influences of this blackout and explores its essential origin. This blackout is, in essence, originated from the flaws in the structure of the transmission system: large-capacity electricity from Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Station is directly connected with Saint Paul regional power grid a long distance away via the ± 600 kV, 6×300 MW HVDC transmission system and 765 kV AC double-circuit transmission system, and the HVDC transmission capacity exceeds the maximum load by 10%. Based on an deep analysis of the Brazilian blackout, the paper discusses the experience and lessons learned from it for China's future power grid construction. The most important lesson: in the planning, construction and operation of power grids in China should avoid long-distance and large-capacity point-to-point power transmission to the regional grids. According to the characteristics of power generation allocations and distribution of power load centers, it is appropriate to plan and build the 1 000 kV/750 kV synchronous interconnected power grids and to replace the long-distance point-to-point direct power transmission with the interconnected power transmission network to guarantee the safe and economical operation of the national synchronous power grid.