旋转备用对电网可靠性的影响及优化配置研究

旋转备用(Spinning Reserve,SR)的不同分配方案会导致不同的电网可靠性水平。从改善大电网运行可靠性的角度出发,综合考虑机组类型和爬坡速率、元件可靠性参数、网络拓扑结构以及传输容量限制等因素,将SR的优化分配纳入到最优负荷削减模型中。利用该模型不等式约束中控制参数的拉格朗日乘子的物理意义,推导出系统电力不足期望对各机组备用容量的灵敏度表达式,提出了根据该灵敏度结果进行备用优化配置的启发式思路。同时以SR成本与用户停电损失之和最小为目标,通过同步联合优化确定SR的总量与配置方案。RBTS测试系统的仿真结果表明了所提方法的有效性和正确性。

Allocation optimization of spinning reserve and its effect on bulk power systems reliability

The reliability of power system varies with the allocation scheme of spinning reserve (SR). To improve the operational reliability of bulk power systems, the operational constraints of SR are embedded into the conventional optimal load shedding model incorporating unit types, ramp rates, component reliability parameters, network typology configuration and transmission capacity limits. Moreover, a sensitivity formula of the expected demand not supplied (EDNS) with respect to the capacity of SR is deduced based on the actual physical meanings of Lagrange multipliers in the inequality constraints. Therefore utilizing the ranking of the sensitivity indices, a heuristic idea is proposed to determine the optimal allocation of SR. Simultaneously, the optimal capacity and allocation scheme of SR are identified to minimize the total cost (the sum of SR cost and customer interruption cost) by joint optimization. Finally, the RBTS power systems are evaluated and the simulation results verify its validity.