管网水质监测点对二次加氯影响优化分析

为使水质监测点能够适合于供水管网二次加氯问题,考虑在多工况下采用I/O模型生成覆盖矩阵,建立监测点优化选址模型.为了最大化加氯点实际覆盖能力和最小化管网余氯浓度实际相对标准差,对监测点数量、加氯点数量、监测点覆盖标准和加氯点覆盖标准4个因素的优化取值进行探讨.通过实例验证表明,监测点选址模型能够找到在给定监测点数量下的最优方案.监测点覆盖标准应不大于加氯点覆盖标准,并在0.5～0.7取值,监测点数量应在布置费用约束下尽可能多,加氯点数量及布置方案应使名义覆盖率达到小于100%下的最大值.若前述条件均满足,则二次优化问题的实际相对标准差最小,且名义相对标准差和实际相对标准差的差别很小.该监测点选址模型对二次加氯问题较适用,可以减少二次加氯的总计算量.

Optimization analysis for influence of water quality monitoring station on booster chlorination in water distribution system

A coverage matrix and an optimal location model for monitoring stations were proposed by using the method of input/output model under multiple demand patterns in order to make water quality monitoring stations suitable for booster chlorination in water distribution systems.Four factors which were named number of monitors,number of boosters,coverage criterion of monitoring stations,coverage criterion of boosters,respectively,were discussed to maximize actual coverage ability of boosters and minimize actual relative standard deviation.Case study show that optimal monitoring sites can be found by the optimal location model for monitoring stations under some given number of monitors.Coverage criterion of monitoring stations must be no more than coverage criterion of boosters and the value can be appropriately between 0.5 and 0.7.Number of monitoring stations must be as more as possible under the constraint about construction cost of monitors.Number of booster stations must reach maximum value of coverage ratio,which should be less than 100%.If the forgoing conditions were all satisfied,actual relative standard deviation of the linear least-squares problem would reach minimum,and difference of actual relative standard deviation and nominal relative standard deviation would be small.The optimal location model for monitoring stations is suitable for booster chlorination problem,and can reduce total amount of calculation about the booster chlorination problem.