Semi-quantum information splitting using GHZ-type states

By using a generalized Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state in which is locally unitarily connected with standard GHZ state as a communication channel, semi-quantum key distribution is extended to study semi-quantum information splitting protocols for secret sharing of quantum information. In our scheme, quantum Alice splits arbitrary two, three and N-qubit states with two classical parties, Bob and Charlie, in a way that both parties are sufficient to reconstruct Alice’s original states only under the condition of which she/he obtains the help from another one, but one of them cannot. The presented protocols are helpful for both secure against certain eavesdropping attacks and economical in processing of quantum information.