聚乳酸/玄武岩纤维复合材料的制备及性能研究

利用混杂原理，先将玄武岩纤维与聚乳酸纤维混合制成针刺毡，再与聚乳酸树脂复合，以提高树脂基体对增强体结构的渗透和结合性能。采用正交试验法，以混杂针刺毡中聚乳酸纤维含量、复合层压压力、复合层压温度为影响因素，讨论了混杂复合层压工艺对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明，采用混杂复合工艺有利于复合材料力学性能的改善，且混杂纤维含量在一定范围内时，复合材料的力学性能会随着混杂纤维含量的增加而线性增强，同时复合层压压力的增加也有利于复合材料力学性能的改善；采用混杂复合工艺时，复合层压温度对复合材料力学性能的影响规律不同于传统层压复合时复合层压温度对复合材料力学性能的影响，复合层压温度过高不利于复合材料力学性能的提高。

Study on Preparation and Properties of Poly(lactic acid)/Basalt Fiber Composite

In order to improve the interfacial penetration and adhesion between polymeric matrix and reinforcing fiber, the composites based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and basalt fiber (BF) were prepared by using a needled felting method of PLA fiber and BF, followed by laminating the resulting needled felt with PLA matrix. Mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated through an orthogonal experiment in terms of several influence factors including the PLA fiber content in the needled felt, laminating pressure and laminating temperature. The results indicated that the hybrid composite technology favored the improvement of mechanical performance of the composites and the mechanical properties increased linearly with an increase of hybrid fiber content. The increase of laminating pressure was beneficial to the improvement of mechanical properties. There were different effects of laminating temperature on mechanical properties between hybrid composite technology and the traditional one. Furthermore, the excessively high laminating temperature is disadvantageous for the improvement of mechanical properties when the hybrid composite technology was employed.