国内外页岩气勘探开发技术研究现状及进展

页岩气是二十一世纪潜力巨大的非常规天然气资源,可以作为常规能源的重要补充,能够有效地缓解世界能源压力。页岩气开采对于中国来讲既是机遇又是挑战。页岩气存储于泥页岩中,具有自生、自储、自保的特性,且每个页岩气藏都其自身勘探开发的特性。国外页岩气开发正处于发展阶段,先后经历了直井、单支水平井、多分支水平井、丛式井、PAD水平井钻井的发展历程,水平井及欠平衡钻井技术的应用加速了页岩气的开发进程,页岩气固井主要采用泡沫水泥固井技术,完井方式以套管固井后射孔完井为主。在增产方面,采用了大型水力压裂技术,包括清水压裂、直井压裂、水平井分段压裂、重复压裂和同步压裂等,并对裂缝进行实时监测以提高采收率。

The development of shale gas production technologies in foreign and domestic

In the 21st century,the shale gas is a greatly potential unconventional gas resource, which can serve as an important complement to conventional energy sources,and can effectively alleviate the energy pressure of the world.Shale gas is defined as natural gas from shale formations,with the shale acting as both the source and the reservoir for the natural gas.Each of these shale gas basins is different and each has a unique set of exploration criteria and operational challenges.It has gone through four development stage,such as the vertical wells,single -lateral horizontal wells,multi -lateral horizontal wells,cluster wells, PAD horizontal drilling.Horizontal drilling and underbalanced drilling technology accelerate shale gas development process.Foam cementing and casing perforated completion are mainly means of shale gas drilling.In the stimulation aspect,we use large- scale hydraulic fracturing technology,including water fracturing,vertical well fracturing,horizontal wells sub-fracturing, repeated fracturing and synchronization fracturing,and monitor the fractures from time to time in order to enhance oil recovery.