稻壳二氧化硅/环氧树脂纳米复合材料机械性能研究

将稻壳用10%的盐酸处理后在600℃焚烧得到纯度为99.3%的SiO_2,将SiO_2用偶联剂γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)改性后与环氧树脂(EP)复合,探讨了SiO_2质量分数在0～5%范围内复合材料的力学性能.研究结果显示:经硅烷偶联剂KH550改性后稻壳SiO_2粒子为无定形态,尺寸在30～50 nm且能显著提高环氧树脂的力学性能.当稻壳SiO_2质量分数为3%时,材料的拉伸性能以及弯曲性能的提高率最大,拉伸强度、拉伸模量、弯曲模量和弯曲强度的提高率分别为27.25%、6.54%、61.7%和24.56%.SEM研究结果显示:复合材料中SiO_2与基体树脂之间有较好的相容性.

Study of Mechanical Properties of Rice Husk Silica/Epoxy Resin Nanocomposites

Silica nanoparticles with purity of 99.3% were obtained by burning treated with the rice husk 10% HCl(v/v)at 600℃. SiO_2 was modified with coupling agent γ-glycidyloxipropyhrimethoxysilane (KH550), and then compounded with epoxy resin. Studied the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites when silica content was 0～5%. Results showed that after modification by KH550, the SiO_2 particles was amorphous ones, and the size ranged from 30～50 nm, and could increase the mechanical properties of the EP greatly. When the content of SiO_2 was 30 wt%, the increasing rate of tensile and flexural strength were the highest. The improvement in tensile strength , tensile modulus, flexural modulus and flexural strength were 27.25%, 6.54%, 61.7% and 24.56% respectively. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)showed rice husk silica had good compatibility with epoxy resin in the nanocomposites.