江西省修水县石煤矿区放射性环境调查与评价

石煤的开发和综合利用对环境有可能造成一定的污染,其中影响环境放射性水平增高和居民受照剂量增加等辐射方面的污染问题较为敏感以及突出。本次研究对江西省主要石煤资源区——修水县一处典型石煤矿的放射性环境进行调查,通过多介质采样分析以及现场监测γ辐射空气吸收剂量率和地面γ能谱相结合,综合研究该区放射性核素分布与环境γ剂量率之间的关系,利用公式估算石煤矿区居民辐射剂量并评价其环境辐射情况。结果表明,调查范围内的石煤矿区地面γ辐射空气吸收剂量率的平均值达到了662 nGy/h,该处铀矿主要形式为碳硅泥岩型,区内石煤、石煤渣、土壤、水样放射性核素测量值都高于省内相应介质的本底值,石煤矿的开采需接受专业的监管。

Investigation and evaluation of radioactive environment in a bone coal mine area in Xiushui County,Jiangxi Province

The development and comprehensive utilization of bone coal may cause certain pollution to the environment including the increased environmental radioactive level and radiation dose to the residents.Combined with multi-media sampling analysis,gamma dose rate field monitoring and ground gamma-ray spectrometry,the relationship between radionuclide distribution and environmental gamma dose rate of a typical bone coal mine in Xiushui County were investigated,and radiation dose to the residents in the mining area was estimated.The results showed that the average ground-level gamma dose rate up to 662 nGy/h has been reached,where the uranium deposit is mainly in the form of carbon silicon mudstone type.The measured activities of radionuclides in bone coal,bone-coal cinder,soil and water samples in this area were higher than the corresponding background values in the province.The effective dose to the surrounding residents was greater than 1 mSv per year.Radiation monitoring and control for bone coal mining is required.