Transient EHL analysis of an elastomeric hydraulic seal

Recent steady-state numerical analyses of reciprocating hydraulic rod seals have revealed many important details about the operation of such seals, including the fact that they generally operate with mixed lubrication in the sealing interface. However, these seals frequently operate under transient conditions, with the rod speed and sealed pressure undergoing cyclic variations with time. In the present study, a transient numerical model has been developed to take account of the varying rod speed. The model consists of a fluid mechanics analysis of the lubricating film of hydraulic fluid, a contact mechanics analysis of the contacting asperities on the seal lip and a structural analysis of the seal deformations. The fluid mechanics analysis consists of a finite volume solution of the Reynolds equation using a mass-conserving algorithm, which accounts for possible cavitation. The contact mechanics analysis utilizes the Greenwood–Williamson model. The structural analysis consists of a finite element analysis. Typical results are presented for an injection molding application. Of greatest importance is the net leakage per cycle. Also presented are the cyclic histories of such performance characteristics as the lubricating film thickness, contact pressure and fluid pressure distributions, the friction force on the rod and the instantaneous flow rate.