无机复合阻燃填料的开发及阻燃机理研究

研究了氢氧化铝(Al(OH)3)、氢氧化镁(Mg(OH)2)、煅烧高岭土、纳米二氧化硅、三氧化二锑(Sb2O3)等组成的复合阻燃体系对软PVC电缆制品的阻燃作用,开发了一种超细活性无机复合阻燃填料.该复合阻燃填料用于软PVC电缆料中,阻燃性能良好(氧指数达36.4),机械性能及电性能均达到GB8815-88标准规定.正交试验及方差分析表明,Sb2O3的阻燃作用及Al(OH)3与Mg(OH)2之间的协效作用较为突出.Sb2O3与PVC中的氯以氯-锑系统发挥协效阻燃作用,其机理涉及凝聚相阻燃及气相阻燃.Al(OH)3与Mg(OH)2主要在凝聚相发挥阻燃作用.

Development of an Inorganic Composite Flame-retardant Filler and Study on Flame retardance Mechanism

The effects of an inorganic composite flame-retardant filler, which was prepared mainly from aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)_3), magnesium hydroxide(Mg(OH)_2),calcined kaolin, nano silicon dioxide(SiO_2), stibium trioxide(Sb_2O_3), on the flame retardancy of flexible Poly Vinyl Chloride(PVC) products were investigated, and an ultrafine and active inorganic composite flame-retardant filler was developed. The results show that the flexible PVC product filled with the ultrafine and active inorganic composite flame-retardant filler has superior property of flame retardance (oxygen index 36.4),with mechanical and electrical properties coming up to national standards (GB8815-88). The results of orthogonal test show there is synergistic action between the flame-retardant fillers, especially between Sb_2O_3 and halogen, Al(OH)_3 and Mg(OH)_2.Sb_2O_3 and Cl (from PVC) act synergistically through Cl-Sb system,their flame retardance mechanism concerns solid phase and gas phase;Al(OH)_3 and Mg(OH)_2 play the role of flame retardance mainly in solid phase.