黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域水土养分流失特征研究

采用人工模拟降雨和定位观测相结合的方法, 研究了典型的黄土丘陵沟壑区王家沟流域水土养分流失特征, 提出了水土流失量与降雨量、前期土壤含水率、土壤、地形、植被等有关自然因素间的定量关系. 研究结果显示坡地损失的养分总量占其养分输出总量的近 80%. 流失泥沙中的细小颗粒是养分流失的主要载体, 采用综合治理措施能有效控制小流域土水养分流失.

Soil, Water and Nutrient Loss Characteristics in a Small Watershed of Hilly Regeion of Loess Plateau

The features of soil,water and nutrient loss in Wangjiagou watershed,a typical hilly and gully Loess Area were analyzed based on the measured results of runoff amount,sediment concentration and nutrient concentration in surface runoff through the artificial stimulating rainfall in slope farming land and setting up the hydrological station in the outlet of the small watershed.The quantitative relationship between sediment amounts and the rainfall,antecedent soil moisture,soil texture,topography and vegetation covering were also established.The research results also indicate that the lost soil nutrient in slope farmland is 80 percent of the input amount of soil nutrient,and the fine soil particles are the main carrier of the soil nutrient transferring into surface runoff.In addition,the comprehensive controlling methods may effectively reduces the soil,water and nutrient loss of the farmland in the hilly and gully loess area.