基于实时荧光聚合酶链式反应技术定量检测肉制品中动物源性成分研究进展

实时荧光聚合酶链式反应（real-time polymerase chain reaction，RT-PCR）技术灵敏度高、特异性强，广泛用于肉制品中动物源性成分的定性、定量分析。已有多种基于RT-PCR技术的分析策略用于实现肉制品中动物源性成分的定量检测，已报道的定量分析策略各有优势及缺陷，目前尚无可推广的国家标准方法发布。本文针对采用RT-PCR技术对肉制品中动物源性成分定量检测的分析策略及其中的关键因素（结果表示形式、靶基因、DNA提取效率、DNA降解、扩增效率、标准物质、物种基因组大小）进行综述分析，为建立最优定量分析模型提供思路，期望找到操作简便、成本较低、可推广实施的定量分析策略，实现对肉制品中动物源性成分进行准确定量检测，促进国家标准检测方法的制定。

A Review of the Application of Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Quantitative Detection of Animal-Derived Ingredients in Meat Products

Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been widely used in species identification and quantification in meat products with high sensitivity and specificity. There are now several RT-PCR-based quantification strategies for animal-derived ingredients in meat products. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. However, China does not currently have a national standard for this. In order to provide new ideas for developing an optimal quantitative model, this paper reviews and analyzes the RT-PCR-based quantification strategies and the key factors affecting them such as the form of expression of results, target genes, DNA extractability, DNA degradation, amplification efficiency, reference materials and genome size. This review will be useful for the development of an easy-to-operate, low-cost, widely applicable quantification strategy to help formulate a national standard based on RT-PCR assay.