我国生物质能-碳捕集与封存技术应用潜力分析

生物质能-碳捕集与封存（BECCS）技术有望通过实现负排放，使全球温室气体稳定在较低甚至近零排放水平。为了评估BECCS在我国的应用及减排潜力，本文梳理了BECCS技术的发展现状，系统阐述了生物质资源量、技术成熟度、经济性和政府政策等因素对BECCS技术部署的影响，评估了基于农林废弃物燃烧发电、燃煤耦合生物质发电和生物天然气的BECCS技术减排潜力，对未来相关研究提供借鉴和参考。最后以黑龙江地区典型秸秆燃烧生物质燃料发电厂的BECCS技术应用为例，使用全生命周期的方法评估了该技术应用的减排潜力和环境影响，结果表明，BECCS技术可实现1.55~1.58 kg/(kW·h)的负碳排放，其减排潜力受生物质运输方式影响较大。综上，火力发电部门BECCS技术，尤其是生物质混燃发电可作为我国BECCS发展的早期机会。

Application potential analysis for bioenergy carbon capture and storage technology in China

As a major negative emission technology,biomass energy-carbon capture,utilization and storage(BECCS)technology is the key to stabilize global temperature rise at a lower level.In order to evaluate the application and emission reduction potential of BECCS in China,this paper summarizes the development status of BECCS technology and systematically expounds the impact of biomass resource quantity,technology maturity,economy and government policy on deployment of the BECCS technology. The emission reduction potential of theBECCS technology based on agricultural and forestry waste combustion power generation, coal-fired coupledbiomass power generation and biogas was evaluated, providing reference for future related research. Finally, theBECCS technology application of typical straw burning biomass fuel power plant in Heilongjiang province wastaken as an example, and the emission reduction potential and environmental impact of the technology applicationwere evaluated by using the full life cycle method. The results show that, the BECCS technology can achievenegative carbon emissions of 1.55~1.58 kg/(kW·h), and its emission reduction potential is greatly affected by themode of biomass transport. In conclusion, the application of the BECCS technology in China’s thermal power sectorcan be regarded as an early opportunity for the development of the BECCS technology in China.