医疗废物固定床控制空气氧化试验研究

在自建的固定床试验台上研究氧量对医疗废物控制空气氧化过程的影响规律。试验总进气流量为0.8 m3/h(室温下),O2浓度从0%变化到21%。结果表明,控制空气氧化过程可以分为床层温度升高,挥发分大量析出、平稳的少量挥发分析出并与O2反应以及挥发分析出基本结束,反应逐渐结束3个阶段。O2浓度每增加3%~6%,床层温度增加约10~20℃。随着O2浓度的升高,半焦产量持续降低,气体的产量持续明显增加,而液体产量先增大后减小。气体成分中,CO2、烃类总量、C2H4、C2H6和C3H6产量随着O2浓度的增加而增加;CO、CH4和C3H8产量的变化规律一致,当O2浓度为14%,产量分别达到各自的极大值。研究为在实际设备中通过调节进气量从而有效控制反应过程提供了参考数据。

Experimental Study on the Controlled Air Oxidation of Medical Waste in a Packed-bed Reactor

A packed-bed reactor was established to study the effect of O2 concentration on the process of controlled air oxidation(CAO) medical waste.The total feed gas flow rate was kept constant at 0.8m3/h at room temperature with O2 concentrations varied from 0 to 21%.The results show that the CAO process is separated into three stages: temperature rise and large amount of volatile releasing,small amount of volatile releasing and reacting with O2,and completion of devolatilization and gradually ending.The bed temperatures increase 10~20℃ for every 3%~6% rises in O2concentrations.With the increase of O2concentrations,the char yield decreases constantly and the gas yield increases obviously.While the gas yield increases firstly,and then decreases with the increase of O2 concentrations.The yields of CO2,CmHn,C2H4,C2H6 and C3H6 show the same trend and increase with the increase of O2 concentrations.When the O2 concentration increases from 0% to 14%,the yields of CO,CH4 and C3H8 increase.However,when the O2 concentration exceeds 14%,CO,CH4 and C3H8 concentrations decreased.This study provides a fundamental insight that the reaction processes could be well regulated by means of adjusting the feed air in practical units.