煤气化技术在中国:回顾与展望

系统回顾了煤气化技术在中国150多年的发展历史,从新中国建立前、新中国建立到改革开放前、改革开放后3个阶段,分别介绍了我国引进各类煤气化技术的过程及其应用情况;以改革开放前和改革开放后2个阶段,重点概括了我国煤气化技术领域的艰难探索、系统深入研究和技术示范与应用过程中取得的重要进展与成果;对我国自主开发的主要煤气化技术的研发历程、技术特点、应用情况及最新进展进行概要阐述,并对地下气化、催化气化、加氢气化、超临界水气化、等离子体气化等新型气化技术的国内研发进展进行简要述评;总结了我国煤气化技术引进、自主研究与工程应用经验,从降低装置投资、提高系统效率、实现环境友好、协同处理液/固有机废物、融合信息化技术、开发新技术、保护知识产权等方面对煤气化技术的未来发展进行了展望。

Coal gasification technologies in China:Review and prospect

In this paper,about 150 years application and development history of coal gasification technologies in China was systematically reviewed.The introduction and application process of different imported coal gasification technologies in China was described based on three periods,i.e.,before the founding of new China,from the founding of new China to the reform and opening-up and after the reform and opening-up;The important progress and achievement in the process of hard exploration,systematic research and technology demonstration and application of China′s coal gasification technologies before and after the reform and opening-up were summarized;The R&D process,technological features,application and latest progress of China′s self-reliance coal gasification technologies were introduced;The domestic R&D progress of new gasification technologies,such as underground gasification,catalytic gasification,hydrogasification,supercritical water gasification and plasma gasification,were briefly reviewed.Additionally,this paper also summarized the experience in introduction,independent research and industrial application of China′s coal gasification technologies,and the future development of coal gasification technology was also prospected from different aspects,such as unit investment reduction,system efficiency improvement,environmental friendliness achievement,collaborative treatment of liquid/solid organic waste,integrated development with information technology,new technology development and intellectual property protection.