北京市河道和水库防汛预案存在问题的探讨

防汛预案在防汛法规中具有重要的法律地位,预案对防汛工作正规化、规范化、制度化进行起到了促进作用。目前防汛预案修编过程中,还存在洪水风险分析需要更新、险工情况进一步核实、洪水调度的可操作性有待检验及蓄滞洪区变化较大等问题,需要通过进行水库下游淹没灾害评估、河道流域风险图绘制、河道洪水演进分析、河道调度方案研究制定等基础研究工作支撑防汛预案的修编,并加强检查落实,利用防汛演习等措施,逐步完善防汛预案,实现防洪减灾的目标。

Problems and suggestions on the predetermined flood prevention scheme for Beijing municipal water system

The predetermined flood prevention scheme is highlighted in the law of flood control.It promotes the regularization,standardization and institutionalization of flood control.Beijing municipal flood control office attaches great importance to this issue,and revises annually the scheme prior to flood season in order to make it more feasible and effective.At present,the revision of the predetermined flood control scheme remains some problems to be solved,such as updating of flood risk analysis,changes of flood control works and flood storage and detention areas,feasibility of operational measures for flood,etc.In order to mitigate flood disaster,the predetermined flood control scheme should be improved gradually.This urges further studies on assessment of inundation downstream reservoirs,flood risk mapping of river basins,flood evolution analysis and operational scheme of river networks.It is also necessary to emphasize effective implementation of the predetermined scheme and to exercise the flood prevention operations.