p‐Si/SnO2/Fe2O3 Core/Shell/Shell Nanowire Photocathodes for Neutral pH Water Splitting |
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| Authors: | Alireza Kargar Sung Joo Kim Paniz Allameh Chulmin Choi Namseok Park Huisu Jeong Yusin Pak Gun Young Jung Xiaoqing Pan Deli Wang Sungho Jin |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;3. Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;4. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;5. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Buk‐gu, Gwangju, South Korea;6. Qualcomm Institute (QI), University of California–San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Silicon is one of the promising materials for solar water splitting and hydrogen production; however, it suffers from two key factors, including the large external potential required to drive water splitting reactions at its surface and its instability in the electrolyte. In this study, a successful fabrication of novel p‐Si/n‐SnO2/n‐Fe2O3 core/shell/shell nanowire (css‐NW) arrays, consisting of vertical Si NW cores coated with a thin SnO2 layer and a dense Fe2O3 nanocrystals (NCs) shell, and their application for significantly enhanced solar water reduction in a neutral medium is reported. The p‐Si/n‐SnO2/n‐Fe2O3 css‐NW structure is characterized in detail using scanning, transmission, and scanning transmission electron microscopes. The p‐Si/n‐SnO2/n‐Fe2O3 css‐NWs show considerably improved photocathodic performances, including higher photocurrent and lower photocathodic turn‐on potential, compared to the bare p‐Si NWs or p‐Si/n‐SnO2 core/shell NWs (cs‐NWs), due to increased optical absorption, enhanced charge separation, and improved gas evolution. As a result, photoactivity at 0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode and a low onset potential in the neutral solution are achieved. Moreover, p‐Si/n‐SnO2/n‐Fe2O3 css‐NWs exhibit long‐term photoelectrochemical stability due to the Fe2O3 NCs shell well protection. These results reveal promising css‐NW photoelectrodes from cost‐effective materials by facile fabrication with simultaneously improved photocathodic performance and stability. |
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| Keywords: | core/shell/shell nanowires (css‐NWs) nanocrystals (NCs) solar water splitting water reduction |
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