HTPB复合固体推进剂溶胀实验研究

比较了7种纯溶剂和5种混合溶剂对HTPB复合固体推进剂的溶胀效果,得到并分析了推进剂经各溶剂溶胀后的质量损失情况;利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对溶胀后的推进剂表面形貌进行观测,并利用傅里叶漫反射红外光谱(DRIFT)仪对纯AP以及经水/乙醚、水/丙酮溶胀回收的AP进行表征。实验结果显示:纯溶剂溶胀实验中,二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷的溶胀效果最明显,溶胀增长比达44.6%、50%,但质量损失比较小,仅为26.5%、28.8%;混合溶剂溶胀实验中,水/乙醚、水/丙酮的溶胀效果最显著,溶胀增长比分别为100.2%、41.2%,质量损失比分别为65.98%、66.34%;DRIFT检测结果显示,经水/乙醚、水/丙酮溶胀回收得到的AP的特征峰均没有发生变化,证明水/乙醚、水/丙酮体系均可用于废弃HTPB复合固体推进剂中AP组分的回收。

Experimental Study on the Swelling of HTPB Composite Solid Propellant

The swelling effect of seven kinds of pure solvents and five kinds of mixed solvents on the HTPB composite solid propellant was compared. The mass loss of the propellant after swelling was obtained, as well as the surface morphology of the swollen propellant was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Meanwhile, the purified AP, AP recovered by water/ether and AP recovered by water/acetone were characterized by Fourier diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFT). The experimental results show that the swelling effect of dichloromethane and chloroform is the most obvious, the swelling growth ratio is 44.6% and 50%, but the mass loss is relatively small, only 26.5%, 28.8%. In the mixed solvent swells experiment, the swelling effect of water/ether, water/acetone is the most significant, the swelling growth ratio is 100.2%, 41.2%, and the mass loss ratio is 65.98% and 66.34%. DRIFT test results show that water/ether and water/acetone system could be used for the recovery of AP which is in the waste HTPB composite solid propellant.