解读当量电价法

通过对当量电价法与统一出清电价法的对比分析，证实了当量电价法不但符合电力系统运行特点，而且与统一出清的边际成本电价法一样，能够提供丰富和正确的经济学信号。但发电上网当量电价法又是在保持优良加载顺序条件下，将边际成本性质的最小成本折线，提升到参考系的平均成本水平，这就使当量电价理论区别于传统的边际成本理论，将经济学的边际成本理论和会计学的平均成本理论统一起来。因此，文中指出，当量电价法是一类新的定价方法，它有严格的经济学基础，特别适用于有强烈规模经济性的电力市场。同时，它还解决了市场效率和投资充分回报这个两难问题；特别是在电力短缺情况下，可以自动抑制电价的飞升，又可以对发电厂商的不良市场行为自动实现有效而合理的惩罚，解决了缺电条件下同样能开放电力市场的重大难题；并提供了与政府职能相称的有效、合理的监管手段。当量电价法不失为一种适用于电力市场的优秀的定价方法。

UNSCRAMBLING ELECTRICITY VALUE EQUIVALENT (EVE) PRICING METHOD

Through the analyses and comparisons between electricity value equivalent (EVE) pricing method and uniform market clearing pricing (MCP) method, it is proved that the EVE method can not only conform with the power system operation characteristics, but also provide abundant and correct economic signals as same as uniform MCP method. However, the practical EVE method upgrades the minimal marginal cost broken line to the average cost reference frames with the merit loading order, which make EVE method different from the marginal cost method, and integrate the economical marginal cost theory with accountancy average cost theory. So in this paper, it is pointed out that EVE method is a new kind of pricing method, which has strict economic foundations, and is particularly suitable for electricity market with strong economics of scale. At the same time, it solves the dilemmatic problems of market efficiency and adequate investment return. Particularly, at the generation capacity shortage circumstance, it can restrain the price spikes, and automatically punish the bad market activity of generators effectively and reasonably, so it can solve the difficult problems of opening the electricity market with generation capacity shortage. Furthermore, it provides the effective and reasonable regulation measures worthy of government function. EVE pricing method proves itself to be an excellent pricing method for electricity market.