基于人工蜂群算法的灌区水资源优化配置方法

灌区水资源优化配置对于提高灌溉的水资源利用率，增加灌区经济效益，降低地下水的消耗速度，促进水资源可持续发展，建立良好的生态环境具有重要意义。综合考虑灌区有效降雨量与作物需水量，建立以灌区经济效益最大化为目标的水资源优化配置模型，采用人工蜂群算法对水资源优化配置模型进行求解，以江苏省宿迁市皂河灌区为实例，对基于人工蜂群算法的灌区水资源优化配置方法的实际应用效果进行验证。结果表明：相比传统经验式配水方法，所提出的灌区水资源优化配置方法可使灌区经济效益达到 8.33 亿元，总用水量减少约 1 000 万 m³ ，且用水量主要来自地表水，灌区作物水资源分配情况更加合理，同时灌区的作物种植结构也得以改善。

Optimal Allocation Method of Water Resources in Irrigation District Based on Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm

The optimal allocation of water resources in the irrigation region is of great significance for improving the utilization ratio of water resources in irrigation, increasing the economic benefits, reducing the rate of groundwater consumption, promoting the sustainable development of water resources, and contributing to a good ecological environment. This paper comprehensively considers the effective rainfall and crop water demands in the irrigation region. A water resource optimal allocation model is set up with the goal of maximizing economic benefits , which applies an artificial bee colony algorithm to solve the model. The Zaohe Irrigation Region of Suqian City is selected as a case study to verify the performance of the proposed model. The results show that, compared with the traditional empirical water allocation method, the proposed optimal allocation method can contribute to an economic benefit of 8.33×10⁸ RMB, and the total water consumption can be reduced by about 10 million m³ , which mainly comes from surface water. In addition, the water allocation of crops in the irrigation region is more reasonable, and the crop planting structure is also improved.