超临界流体干燥理论、技术及应用

超临界流体干燥法是制备具有很高比表面和孔体积及较低堆密度、折光指数和热导率的块状气凝胶或粉体的重要途径之一。本文详细评述了超临界流体干燥理论和技术的历史背景与研究现状，简要介绍了气凝胶在催化剂、热绝缘材料、高能物理粒子探测器、超细材料、玻璃和陶瓷等诸方面的应用和发展前景。

Supercritical Fluid Drying Theory, Techology and Application

The supercritical fluid drying(SCFD) method is one of the most important ways used for the preparation of aerogel monoliths or powders,which have higher surface areas and pore volumes and lower apparent densities,refractive indexes and thermal conductivities.This review summarizes the historical background and recent progress on the supercritical fluid drying theory and technology,and gives a brief introduction on various applications and prospects of aerogels in catalysts,thermal insulating materials,high energ physics, ultrafine materials,glasses and ceramics.