生物医用纺织人造血管的研究进展

为开发生物相容性好、安全有效且性能稳定的纺织人造血管，对现阶段血管类疾病的发病状况、人造血管的研究背景和其重要的研究价值进行了介绍，简述了人造血管的安全性、性能要求以及不同人造血管材料的优缺点，比较了替换型和腔内隔绝型2 种人造血管治疗血管疾病的性能和结构特点。阐述了目前制备人造血管常见的3 种方法，即纤维连接法、组织工程细胞培养法和3D 打印法，分析了不同制备方法的特点、适用范围以及其最新的研究进展。结果表明，生物医用纺织人造血管的研究是涉及多学科交叉的前沿研究，应从原材料、制备方法、后加工工艺、组织工程修复以及临床研究等方面入手，需要生物材料、数学、纺织和医学临床的多学科人才团队协同创新，才能制备出性能优越的人造血管，从而为血管疾病患者带来福音。

Research progress of biomedical textile artificial blood vessel

In order to develop artificial vascular prosthesis ( AVP) with good biocompatibility, safety, effectiveness and long-term stability by using biomedical textiles forming technologies, the incidence of vascular diseases, research background and significance, safety, performance requirements, disadvantages and merits of various materials for AVPs were reviewed. Properties, structural characteristics of endovascular stents and AVPs for replacement purpose were compared and analyzed. Three kinds of fabrication methods including fibrous jointing, cell culture based tissue engineering and 3-D printing were introduced, and their properties, applications and state of the art research progress were illustrated in details. In conclusion, the development of AVPs using biomedical textiles forming technologies needs the cooperation of multi disciplinary teams in the fields of biomaterials, mathematics, textiles and medical science. With combined innovation of raw materials, preparation methods, post-treatment processes, tissue engineering and clinical research, the satisfied AVPs with good performance can be developed and the life quality of patients diagnosed with vascular diseases can be therefore improved.