静电纺丝多孔碳纳米纤维制备与应用研究进展

为更好地通过静电纺丝技术制备多孔碳纳米纤维,综述了近年来国内外静电纺丝技术实现工业化的可行性,静电纺丝制备多孔碳纳米纤维的方法、多孔结构类型以及多孔碳纳米纤维的应用等方面的最新进展。主要介绍了聚合物与聚合物共混以及聚合物与无机粒子共混静电纺丝多孔碳纳米纤维的2种方法的制备原理及所制得多孔碳纳米纤维的特点,并根据孔结构形状将多孔碳纳米纤维分为中空结构、介孔结构、多级孔结构和碳壳-蜂巢芯结构等类型。最后介绍了静电纺丝多孔碳纳米纤维在电化学、储氢、催化和吸附等领域的应用情况,并对未来多孔碳纳米纤维的发展前景进行了展望。

Research progress in preparation and application of electrospinning porous carbon nanofibers

To provide experimental data and theoretical basis for the preparation of subsequent porous carbon nanofibers, the latest research progress on the feasibility of industrialization by electrospinnning preparation methods, pore structure types and application of electrospun porous carbon nanofibers at home and abroad were reviewed. Two kinds of preparation methods and their principles of electrospun porous carbon nanofibers including blending of polymer and polymer and blending of polymer and inorganic particles were introduced, and the structural characteristics of the porous carbon nanofibers prepared by these methods were also described. Then, according to the shape of the pore structure, the structure types of porous carbon nanofibers were divided into hollow, mesopore, hierarchical pore and carbon shell-honeycomb core, etc. Finally, the application prospects in the fields of electrochemistry, hydrogen storage, catalysis and adsorption, and the future perspectives for porous carbon nanofibers were concluded as well.