羊毛及其混合纤维非织造材料的吸声性能

为优化羊毛非织造材料的吸声性能,以羊毛、毛/涤、毛/麻3种材料制备非织造材料。通过阻抗管对3种非织造材料的吸声性能进行测试,分析了声波频率在250~6 300 Hz范围内,材料的纤维种类、厚度和空腔深度对其吸声性能的影响。结果表明:3种材料的平均吸声系数均大于0.2,纯毛非织造材料的吸声性能略好于毛/涤与毛/麻非织造材料;通过增加材料厚度或设置空腔的方式均可提高材料全频段(尤其中低频段)的吸声性能,其中厚度对材料吸声系数的影响程度更大;从环保、材料价格、便于施工等方面考虑,以厚度为6 mm的毛/麻非织造材料作为吸声材料,并设置6 mm的空腔,即可达到较为优异的低频吸声性能。

Sound absorption properties of nonwoven material based on wool and its hybrid fibers

In order to optimize the sound absorption properties of wool nonwoven materials,wool and its hybrid fiber nonwoven materials were prepared from wool,wool/polyester and wool/jute.Using the standing wave tube,the sound absorption properties of wool nonwoven materials in a frequency range of 250-6 300 Hz were studied by changing the fiber species,thickness and cavity depth.Results indicate that the average sound absorption coefficient of three samples is no less than 0.2,and sound absorption properties of wool materials are slightly better than those of wool/polyester materials and wool/jute materials.Sound absorption performance of all frequencies (especially low frequencies) also can be improved by increasing the thickness of the material or setting the cavity,in which thickness supplies more influence on sound absorption coefficients.Taking environmental protection,inexpensive materials and convenient construction into consideration,the 6 mm wool/jute material with a cavity of 6 mm can achieve more excellent sound absorption performance at low frequencies.