分布式雷达相参发射原理与性能分析

通过调整空间距离较远的雷达发射天线的发射时间和初始相位可控制电磁波能量在空间的分布来增强感兴趣空间区域的信号能量。该文分析分布式雷达相参发射的原理，给出形成干涉峰点的条件，定义空间干涉能量分布函数来反映发射信号能量较平均能量的增益，其最大值为发射天线个数。在远场和近场条件下分析信号空间能量分布的特点，表明它在远场近天线距离呈条纹状，在近场远天线距离呈类晶体结构或独峰结构。为了让目标在干涉峰点内部，分布式相参发射在低频率、小目标的跟踪状态更有效。

Theory and Performance Analysis of Coherent Transmission for Distributed Radars

By adjusting the transmitting time and the initial phase of distributed radar antennas, the spatial distribution of signal energy transmission can be controlled and then the signal energy can be improved in the spatial region of interest. The fundamentals of distributed coherent transmitting are analyzed, the conditions are presented to form an interference peak, and a spatial interference energy distribution function is defined to represent the gain of the transmitting energy compared to the mean energy, which has a maximum of the number of transmitting antennas. The characteristic of the spatial interference energy distribution function is analyzed in both radar near field and radar far field, indicating that the spatial interference energy distribution function exhibits a stripe shape in radar far field with collocated antennas, and an ellipse shape or a mono-peak shape in radar near field with widely separated antennas. To make a real target contained in a signal interference peak, the distributed coherent transmission works better for lower frequencies and smaller targets in the target tracking mode.