矿井巷道地球物理方法超前探测研究进展与展望

矿井掘进工作面地球物理方法超前探测要求准确探测巷道前方地质异常体,探测空间小,干扰大,技术要求高。从方法原理、研究现状、技术特点和仪器设备4个方面对地震方法、直流电法、瞬变电磁法、其他物探方法用于超前探测进行了总结。介绍了近几年来地球物理方法在地质构造、岩层含水性超前探测以及仪器研制等方面的最新进展,包括地震精细成像、槽波超前探测、瞬变电磁波场转换与合成孔径、直流聚焦法超前探测、磁共振超前探测、井下陷落柱等超前探测以及全空间反演和联合反演等技术。围绕提高超前探测的精度、分辨率、抗干扰能力和增加探测距离,实现精细探测,提出了掘进工作面地球物理方法超前探测的发展方向,包括完善全空间物理场基础理论、开发新技术新方法以及提高探测精度和分辨率的精细数据处理方法等。探讨了仪器装备要向实时预报、智能化、一体化、防爆、轻便化、抗干扰等方向发展。

Research progress and development direction on advanced detection in mine roadway working face using geophysical methods

The advanced detection in mine roadway working face using geophysical methods requires an accurate detection of the geological anomaly，with a small detection space and strong interference.This paper summarized the geophysical methods(seismic method，DC electrical method，transient electromagnetic method and other geophysical methods) on advanced detection from the principle，current research，technical features and equipment.Then the paper introduced the latest progress，including fine seismic imaging，advanced detection using channel waves，wave-field transformation and synthetic aperture of transient electromagnetic method，DC focus resistivity method，advanced detection using magnetic resonance，advanced detection of mine collapse column，the whole space inversion and joint inversion.Furthermore，focusing on increasing the precision，resolution，anti-interference ability and detection range to achieve fine detection，the paper proposed the development direction of advanced detection，including improving the basic theory of geophysical field in whole space，developing new techniques and the fine data processing methods to raise the detection precision and resolution.The development direction of instrumentation is instant prediction，intelligentization，integration，lightweight and anti-interference.