交易成本对水权市场的影响分析

为研究交易成本对水权市场的影响,建立了一个理想的水权市场模型,在此基础上弱化条件引入交易成本因素,分别考察了固定交易成本和变动交易成本在水权交易中的作用,并探讨了在边际交易成本不变、递增和递减3种情况下,初始水权变化对均衡结果的影响。结果表明,交易成本直接降低了交易的收益,并且可以减少交易总数。其中变动交易成本还会使均衡结果发生变化,进一步降低交易量。边际交易成本为常数时,增加买方的初始水权不会影响水权市场的均衡结果,但当边际交易成本递增或递减时分别会使新的均衡点接近或远离理想均衡。

Impact of transaction costs on water right market

An ideal model for water right market was developed for study of the impact of transaction costs on water right market.The functions of fixed and varied transaction costs in water right trade were investigated by introduction of some related factors,and the impacts of the initial water right on market equilibrium were discussed under the conditions that the marginal transaction cost is constant,increasing and decreasing.The results show that the transaction cost decreases the benefit of water right trades and reduces the amount of trades. Compared with the fixed transaction cost,the varied transaction cost can also influence the result of equilibrium and further reduce the amount of water right trades.Under a constant marginal transaction cost,the increase of the initial water right of purchasers has no impact on the result of equilibrium.With the increase or decrease of the marginal transaction cost,the new equilibrium point will approach or leave away from the ideal equilibrium.