Characterization of flame radiosity in shrubland fires |
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| Authors: | Miguel G Cruz Bret W Butler Domingos X Viegas Pedro Palheiro |
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| Affiliation: | aBushfire Dynamics and Applications, CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences and Climate Adaptation Flagship, GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;bUS Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, 5775 Hwy. 10 W, Missoula, MT, USA;cDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Polo II, Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030 Coimbra, Portugal;dAutoridade Florestal Nacional, COTF, Chã do Freixo, 3200-901 Lousã, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | The present study is aimed at quantifying the flame radiosity vertical profile and gas temperature in moderate to high intensity spreading fires in shrubland fuels. We report on the results from 11 experimental fires conducted over a range of fire rate of spread and frontal fire intensity varying respectively between 0.04–0.35 m s−1 and 468–14,973 kW m−1. Flame radiosity, or radiant emissive power, and gas temperatures were measured with narrow angle radiometers and fine wire thermocouples located at three different heights in the flames, 0.6, 1.1 and 1.6 m above ground. Measured peak radiosity within the visual flame region (reaction zone and free flame) varied between 41 and 176 kW m−2. Measurements within the intermittent flame region above the visually estimated average flame height varied between 10 and 30 kW m−2. The flame vertical radiometric profile was characterized by a uniform area within the reaction zone and lower free flame, and a decrease in radiosity with height as the measurements approach the flame tip. |
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| Keywords: | Fire behaviour Fire spread Experimental fire Flame radiation Flame temperature |
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