Affiliation: | (1) the Pipe & Tubings Research & Development Department, Corporate Research & Development Laboratories, Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., 660-0891 Amagasaki, Japan;(2) the Royal Institute of Technology, Casting of Metals, Brinellvagen 23, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden;(3) IMRAM, Tohoku University, 980-8577 Sendai, Japan |