发泡剂对3D玻纤织物增强发泡聚氨酯复合材料力学性能的影响

为了提高纺织复合材料的抗冲击性能和发泡材料的力学性能,制备了3D玻纤织物增强发泡聚氨酯复合材料。利用场发射扫描电镜、摆锤冲击仪和万能材料试验机,分析研究了外加不同发泡剂质量分数对发泡复合材料泡孔的微观形貌和力学性能的影响。结果表明,当发泡剂质量分数为5%时,3D玻纤织物增强发泡聚氨酯复合材料的冲击强度最大可达73.34 kJ/m^2,同时压缩强度和拉伸强度分别为5.24、28.1 MPa;随着发泡剂质量分数增加,聚氨酯泡孔增大并且出现不均匀现象,复合材料密度也随之下降,压缩强度和拉伸强度均下降;复合材料中发泡剂质量分数为5%,能够在满足轻量化的情况下实现较高的抗冲击性。

Effect of Foaming Agent on Mechanical Properties of Three-dimensional GlassFabric Reinforced Foamed Polyurethane Composites

To improve the impact resistance of textile composites and the mechanical properties of foaming materials,a three-dimensional glass fabric reinforced foamed polyurethane composite was prepared in this study.The effect of the content of foaming agent on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites was analyzed and studied with field emission scanning electron microscopy,pendulum impactor and universal material testing machine.The results show that when the foaming agent content is 5%,the impact strength of three-dimensional glass fabric reinforced foamed polyurethane composite can reach 73.34 kJ/m 2,and the compressive strength and tensile strength are 5.24 and 28.1 MPa respectively.The polyurethane cells enlarge and become nonuniform as the foaming agent content increases,the composite density decreases,and both the compressive strength and tensile strength decrease.When the content of foaming agent in the composite is 5%,a high impact resistance can be achieved under the condition of light weight.