纺织品含水率测量方法研究进展

为有效解决纺织品在纺织印染过程中水分含量无法实时精确控制的问题,提升纺织产品综合性能,对现阶段纺织品生产及使用过程中因含水率过高、过低而引起的产品缺陷、设备磨损问题以及纺织品含水率研究背景和研究价值进行了介绍。阐述了纺织品含水率测量的7种方法,即烘箱法、电阻法、电容法、近红外光谱法、中子法、核磁共振法、微波法,分析了各个测量方法的特点、精度、适用范围以及最新进展,并对纺织品含水率研究成果进行了总结。结果表明,随着工艺要求、测量精度的不断提高,微波法由于其在线、实时、非接触、高精度测量等优点,逐渐成为纺织品含水率测量的主要测量方法。目前对于微波法测量的应用还处于起步阶段,测量时需标定每一种纺织品的含水率曲线,这就需要大量的实验样品以及数据库。但是纺织品的种类繁多、编织结构多样,很难做到对所有纺织品含水率曲线的标定,因此,应从纺织纤维的微观机理、混合物介电常数等方面去进一步研究,解决微波法的普遍适用性。

Advance in Research on Moisture Content Measuring Method for Textiles

In order to realize real-time precise control of moisture content of textiles during printing and dyeing,and improve the comprehensive performance of textile products,this study covers product defects and equipment wear caused by excessively high or low moisture content in the process of textile production and use at present,and the research background and value of textile moisture content.Seven measuring methods for moisture content of textiles,including oven-drying method,resistivity method,capacitance method,near infrared spectroscopy,neutron method,nuclear magnetic resonance method and microwave method were introduced,the features,precision,scope of application and latest progress of the methods were analyzed,and the research achievements of textile moisture content were also summarized.Results show that as more demanding requirements for process and measurement accuracy are made,the microwave method has become the main measuring method for textile moisture content for its advantages of being online,real-time,non-contact and high-precision.Nevertheless,the application of the microwave measuring method is still in its initial stage.With this method,it is required to calibrate moisture content curve of all types of textile,which requires a large number of experimental samples and database.Considering that there is a great variety of textiles of various weaving structures and it is difficult to calibrate the moisture content curve of all textiles,it is supposed to conduct further study from the microscopic mechanism of textile fibers and dielectric constant of mixtures to realize universal applicability of microwave method.