基于点检的日本道路防灾有效性研究

防灾减灾的基本理念一般是以防为主，防抗救相结合，其基本环节是防灾、减灾、应急、重建及日常管理，然而以防为主的防灾减灾体系有效性的验证是一难题。日本的道路防灾基本体系是围绕危机管理?防灾对策进行的，而点检是日本道路防灾体系的重要环节之一，自1968年开始实施道路防灾点检以来共实施10次点检。本文概述了日本道路防灾点检方法，对点检评价结果和灾害发生情况进行对比分析，验证了以点检为核心的道路防灾体系的有效性。本研究可以为中国道路防灾工作提供参考。

Study on the Effectiveness of Road Disaster Prevention Based on Inspection in Japan

The basic concept of disaster prevention and mitigation is to put prevention first and then combine rescue. The basic links are disaster prevention, disaster reduction, emergency response, reconstruction and daily management. However, the verification of the effectiveness of disaster prevention and mitigation systems based on prevention has been a difficult problem.The basic system of road disaster prevention in Japan focuses on crisis management and disaster prevention countermeasures, and spot inspection is one of the important links of road disaster prevention system in Japan. This paper summarizes the Japanese road disaster prevention inspection method, and compares the evaluation results of inspection and the occurrence of disaster, and verifies the effectiveness of the road disaster prevention system with inspection as the core. This study can provide reference for China's road disaster prevention work the road disaster prevention system with inspection as the core. This study can provide reference for China's road disaster prevention work.