聚丙烯酸/黏土复合高吸水性树脂的合成及性能

以黏土、丙烯酸为原料,Al2O3为交联剂,Na2S2O8-Na2SO3为氧化还原引发剂,用水溶液聚合法合成了聚丙烯酸/黏土复合高吸水性树脂。考察了盐酸浓度、丙烯酸中和度、黏土用量、Al2O3用量和Na2S2O8-Na2SO3用量对复合高吸水性树脂吸水能力的影响;并考察了盐水温度和不同浓度盐溶液对复合高吸水性树脂吸盐水率和吸水倍率的影响。较佳的合成条件:c(盐酸)=6mol/L、丙烯酸中和度60%、黏土的质量分数5.6%(占体系的总质量)、交联剂Al2O3的质量分数0.35%～0.40%(占体系的总质量)、Na2S2O8-Na2SO3的质量分数1.00%(占体系的总质量)。在此条件下合成的复合高吸水性树脂对去离子水和质量分数为0.9%的NaCl溶液的最大吸水倍率和吸盐水率分别为1300,96g/g。

Preparation and Properties of Poly(Acrylic Acid)/Clay Composite Super-Absorbent

Poly(acrylic acid)/clay composite super-absorbent based on acrylic acid(AA) and clay was prepared in aqueous solution using Al2O3 as crosslinking agent and Na2S2O8-Na2SO3 as redox initiator.Effects of hydrochloric acid concentration for treatment of clay,neutralization degree of AA,crosslinking agent dosage,initiator dosage and clay dosage on water absorbilities of the composite in water and different salt solutions were investigated.The absorbilities(Q) of the composite in deionized water and in 0.9%(mass fraction) NaCl aqueous solution were designated as QH2O and Q0.9%NaCl,respectively.The variations of QH2O and Q0.9%NaCl with temperature and concentrations of NaCl,CaCl2,MgCl2 and FeCl3 aqueous solutions were also studied.Optimum reaction condition were:concentration of hydrochloric acid for treatment of clay 6 mol/L,neutralization degree of AA 60%,w(clay)(based on total mass of system) 5.6%,w(Na2S2O8+Na2SO3)(based on total mass of system) 1.00%,w(Al2O3)(based on total mass of system) 0.35%-0.40%.Maximum QH2O and Q0.9%NaCl of the composite were 1 300 g/g and 96 g/g,respectively.