异辛酸锂汽油抗爆剂的制备及应用

采用异辛酸与氢氧化锂反应制备异辛酸锂抗爆剂，通过正交设计对反应条件进行了优化，在LiOH与异辛酸摩尔比为1:1、反应时间为4 h、反应温度为70 ℃时产品的质量收率最高，达93%。利用FT-IR对合成产品的结构进行表征，并对增溶剂配方进行了考察。当混合增溶剂 V（甲醇）∶V（MTBE）∶V（DMC）∶V（异丙醇）∶V（混合甲酚）=4∶2∶1∶1∶1]和异辛酸锂的质量分数分别为85%和15%时异辛酸锂可以与汽油互溶。在油溶性和腐蚀性合格的前提下，对加剂后汽油的辛烷值进行了测定，结果表明，当复合抗爆剂在直馏汽油、催化裂化汽油和90号汽油中的添加量（w）均为2%时，三种汽油的研究法辛烷值分别提高10.7，3.2和2.8个单位。

SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF LITHIUM ISOCAPRYLATE AS GASOLINE ANTIKNOCK ADDITIVES

An antiknock agent, lithium isocaprylate, was prepared by using isocaprylic acid to react with LiOH and the optimum reaction conditions were obtained by orthogonal experimental design. Results showed that under the conditions of an isocaprylic acid to LiOH molar ratio of 1, a reaction temperature of 70 ℃ and a reaction time of 4h, a maximum lithium isocaprylate yield of 93% was obtained and the product was characterized by FT-IR. In order to increase the solubility of lithium isocaprylate in gasoline, the compositions of solutizer were investigated. A mixed solutizer (volume ratio of methanol: MTBE: DMC: isopropyl alcohol: cresols= 4:2:1:1:1) was selected and used with lithium isocaprylate in a mass ratio of 85:15 to form a complex antiknock additive ensuring the fully solution of lithium isocaprylate in gasoline. Results showed that with a complex lithium isocaprylate additive dosage of 2% the RON increments of straight-run gasoline, FCC gasoline and 90# gasoline were 10.7, 3.2 and 2.8 units, respectively.