TEM and electron tomography studies of carbon nanospheres for lithium secondary batteries |
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Authors: | Noriko Yoshizawa Osamu Tanaike Kazuo Yoshikawa Takeshi Abe |
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Affiliation: | a National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan b Tokai Carbon Co. Ltd., 394-1 Subashiri, Koyama, Sunto, Shizuoka 410-3411, Japan c Kyoto University, Kyoto Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8246, Japan |
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Abstract: | The structure of carbon nanospheres of 100-200 nm diameter, which showed superior high-speed charge-discharge behavior as the negative electrode in a lithium ion battery, was investigated with XRD, SEM and TEM with an electron tomography attachment. Observation of carbon 0 0 2 lattice images, as well as electron diffraction patterns, illustrated that heterogeneous microtexture was formed as the polyhedronization of the particle proceeded with heat-treatment. The outside region of the particle heat-treated at 2800 °C has stacking structure of aromatic layers with some distribution of d002, while the center region consisted of non-graphitic. Structure defects seemed to be concentrated along the ridgelines of the polyhedronized particles after heat-treatment. The electron tomography technique clarified the morphology of the graphitized particles, although the images should be understood with other crystallographic measurements. A slice image computed in the 3D-reconstruction process showed the inner texture of the graphitized particles more clearly than the conventional TEM bright-field image. |
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Keywords: | Carbon nanoparticles X-ray diffraction Scanning electron microscopy Transmission electron microscopy Microstructure |
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