风/光/储微网规划经济性影响因素分析

风/光/储微网是实现分布式能源优势互补、高效利用的有效形式。然而,影响其经济性的因素众多、影响程度各异。对风/光/储微网内经济性影响因素的关键程度进行了量化分析。基于对微网运行方式的分析,建立了微网规划经济性模型。该模型以年净收益最优为目标,考虑了微网中微源特性、与上级电网间功率平衡和供电可靠性等约束,并建立了经济运行评价指标。在此基础上,通过计算影响因子来量化规划层面和运行层面各影响因素的关键程度。以云南某地实际微网为算例,分析结果表明,合理配置储能可提升微网规划经济性;风/光/储微网经济性的关键影响因素在规划层面包括储能等效循环次数、风光发电单元装机成本和贴现率等因素,在运行层面包括风光发电单元售电电量和售电单价以及单位环境收益等因素。

Analysis of Economic Influence Factors in Wind/Photovoltaic/Storage Microgrid

The wind/photovoltaic/storage microgrid(MG)is an effective solution which achieves complementary advantages and efficient use of distributed sources. However, many factors affect the economics with various influences. The criticality of economic factors is quantified and analyzed in the wind/photovoltaic/storage MG. Based on the analysis of operation mode, the economic model of MG planning is built. The model is aimed at optimal annual net profit considering the operation characteristics of micro-sources, the power balance between the MG and the utility grid as well as the reliability constraints. Also, the evaluation indices of economic operation are established. On this basis, economic factors in both planning and operation aspects are quantified by calculating the influence coefficients. A practical MG in Yunnan Province is used as case study. The analysis results show that rational allocation of energy storage can improve the economics of MG planning, and the key economic factors of wind/photovoltaic/storage MG include the equivalent life cycles of energy storage, the unit investment cost of wind generators and the discount rate on the planning level, and the energy supplied, unit electricity price as well as unit environmental benefit of wind power and photovoltaic generation on the operation level.