Application of Solid‐Phase Micro‐Extraction (SPME) for Determining Residues of Chlorpyrifos and Chlorpyrifos‐Methyl in Wine with Gas Chromatography (GC)

The incorrect use of insecticides in many countries' vineyards may result in some toxicological risks for the consumers by their presence on the grapes. In this research, a rapid gas chromatographic method was used for the determination of the residue levels of two organophosphorus pesticides (chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos‐methyl) in wine. Pesticides are described and compared with each other. Ten red wines from two different regions of Turkey were analyzed for their chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos‐methyl content. The samples were diluted with water and extracted by solid‐phase micro extraction. Nitrogen‐Phosphorus Detection (NDP) and Electron‐Capture Detection (ECD) were used to identify and quantify the pesticides, the findings being confirmed using Mass Spectrometric Detection. Individual detection limits were in the range of (chlorpyrifos) 0.02‐(chlor‐pyrifos‐methyl) 0.1 ng. Limits of quantification varied from (chlorpyrifos) 0.01‐(chlorpyrifos‐methyl) 0.05 mg kg^?1. The maximum residues limits of the two pesticides in the Turkish wines examined were much lower than the Turkish and European Union limits.