储能系统商业模式及其优化规划方法

新一轮能源革命和电力体制改革背景下,电力系统源-网-荷各环节对储能技术提出了多样化应用需求,实现由研发示范向商业化初期过渡、商业化初期向规模化发展是"十三五"期间储能产业的两阶段发展目标。针对储能市场化应用初期阶段的商业模式与规划问题,基于投资、收益、运营等因素,分析了该阶段下储能系统呈现的典型商业模式。考虑商业模式的差异,分别建立了业主投资模式、合同能源管理模式下储能系统全寿命周期优化规划数学模型,结合电化学储能系统容量衰减特性,提出电化学储能系统全寿命周期评估方法及其优化算法。基于实际案例验证了所提模型和方法的有效性和可行性,分析了储能电池退役点、电池成本、循环寿命对储能系统规划结果的影响。结果表明,所提出的储能系统全寿命周期优化规划方法能够解决不同商业模式下的储能系统规划问题,对储能系统应用商业模式和规划具有指导意义。

Research on Business Model and Optimization Planning Method of Energy Storage Station

Under the background of a new round of energy revolution and power system reform, every link of power source, network and load puts forward diversified application requirements on energy storage technology. Realizing the initial stage of commercialization and large-scale development is the two-stage development goal of the energy storage industry during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. From the perspectives of investment, income, and operation, this paper analyzes the typical business model of energy storage in the early stage of market application. Combined with energy storage application business model, the mathematical model of life cycle optimization planning of energy storage under the owner's investment model and contract energy management mode are established. Considering the capacity attenuation characteristics of electrochemical energy storage, its life cycle assessment method and optimization algorithm are analyzed. The validity and feasibility of the proposed model and method are verified by case analyses. Finally, the influence of the decommissioning point of energy storage battery, battery cost and cycle life on planning results of energy storage system are discussed.