低聚非离子表面活性剂的合成及柴油微乳液的研制

以脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO_9)与丙三醇缩水甘油醚为原料,在碱性条件下,合成了一种低聚非离子表面活性剂。用红外光谱以及电喷雾电离质谱对其结构进行表征,测定其临界胶束浓度为1.99×10~(-5)g/mL。将低聚非离子表面活性剂与十六烷基三甲基氯化铵复配成混合表面活性剂,制备了W/O柴油微乳液,并以油、水、助表面活性剂和混合表面活性剂为三组分做出拟三元相图。通过考察表面活性剂的复配比例及混合表面活性剂与助表面活性剂的比例对微乳区的影响,得到最佳组成为:m(低聚非离子表面活性剂):m(十六烷基三甲基氯化铵)=1:4,m(助表面活性剂):m(混合表面活性剂)=1.5:1。溶水量随着盐浓度的增加而减小。

SYNTHESIS OF OLIGOMERIC NONIONIC SURFACTANT ANDMICROEMULSION OF DIESEL OIL

A novel oligomeric nonionic surfactant was synthesized with alkylpolyoxyethylene(9)ether (AEO_9)and epoxy resin as main materials.The surfactant was characterized by IR and MS and its surface tension was tested.The results showed that the cmc of the surfactant was 1.99×10~(-5) g/mL. The product was mixed with 1631 to form W/O diesel oil mieroemulsion.The phase diagrams of pseu- do-ternary microemulsions consisting of diesel oil,water,mixed surfactant and cosurfactant were ob- tained.The result indicated that the optimum conditions was that m(nonioninc):m(1631)=1:4,m (cosurfactant):m(mixed surfactant)=1.5:1,and the content of water decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration.