陕西省绥德县滑坡发育特征及成灾因素

绥德县地处陕北黄土高原腹地,属陕北黄土高原丘陵沟壑区,地形破碎、梁峁起伏、沟谷深切,地质环境条件较差,滑坡灾害时有发生,目前调查发现滑坡48处。通过对绥德县地质灾害详细调查与测绘,对滑坡发育特征及成灾因素进行深入研究,结果表明:(1)绥德县滑坡全部为浅层黄土层内滑坡,以小型滑坡为主;(2)滑坡分布特征与地形地貌、地域和降雨的关系密切,主要表现为滑坡空间上分布主要在黄土梁峁区和河谷阶地区以及人口密度大、人类工程活动频繁的乡镇,滑坡在时间上分布主要表现为在人类工程活动集中的时段和雨季,滑坡发生频繁,特别是降雨集中的6月-9月。(3)地形地貌、岩土体类型、降雨和人类工程是研究区滑坡形成的主要成灾因素。

Characteristics and influencing factors of landslide in Suide county

Suide county is located in the hinterland of the Loess plateau. The topography is tattered, the hilly is up and down, the geological environment condition is fragile, and landslides occur frequently. According to the detailed investigation of geological hazards, there were 48 landslides. On the basis of detailed surveying and mapping, the development characteristics, distribution and influencing factors of landslides were studied in depth, and the results showed that: (1)The landslides in Suide county all belonged to shallow loess landslide and were mainly in form of small landslide. (2)There was a close relationship between distribution of landslide and geomorphology, area, rainfall. The spatial distribution characteristics of landslide was all developed in loess ridge and river terrace and mostly developed in the county with more people and more human engineering activity. The temporal distribution characteristics of landslide was mostly developed in time of human engineering activity and in the rainy season, especially in the time between June and September.(3)The main influencing factor of landslide was the geomorphology, the soil, human engineering activity, rainfall.