地下水电磁法探测技术进展综述

电导率和介电常数异常是地下水电磁法探测的物理基础,其异常特点为浅层空间连续性差,多呈非线性状态分布。电磁法探测地下水受地面条件影响较小,可以连续测量,成本低廉。瞬变电磁法和可控源音频大地电磁法是比较成熟的地下水探测技术;地质雷达和空间遥感雷达如果在振幅、频率信息利用和遥感定量多约束反演研究上有理论突破,将大大提高地下水探测的分辨率。近年来地下水电磁法勘探从模型到技术,再到反演,均呈现明显的"联合"、"移植"和"借鉴"的趋势。地下水研究的电磁模型所存在的问题可以概括为:定性化多定量化少、一维近似多高维模型少、传统手段沿用多现代技术应用少、单一方法研究多综合影响考虑少。

The Development of Electromagnetic Method for Groundwater Exploration

Electromagnetic(EM) method for groundwater exploration is based on the conductivity and permittivity anomalies,which always distribute in nonlinear style at shallow depth.EM exploring methods are less disturbed by ground conditions,and can be carried out continuously and efficiently.TEM and CSAMT are both well-developed EM techniques.The resolution of groundwater will be improved if GPR is able to make use of amplitude-frequency information and RS has theoretical progress in quantitative multi-constrained inversion.In recent years,the EM method for groundwater exploration has presented the trends of integration,adaptation and imitation.Problems on EM models of groundwater can be summarized as: more qualitative and less quantitative,more one-dimensional and less multidimensional,more traditional and less up-to-date,more isolated and less integrated.