上游洲滩与橡胶坝之间相互影响关系的试验研究

鉴于江心洲或边滩在河道中具有塑造河槽、约束水流的作用，试验模拟了江心洲与橡胶坝（全坝和开口坝）的相互作用在不同流量下对坝址上游水位和流速的影响，并分析了含江心洲的河道中不同坝型在洪水期对泄流量的影响。结果表明，全坝与江心洲同时存在时对水力特性的影响比开口坝与江心洲同时存在时明显，在洪水期开口坝与江心洲同时存在时的泄流量大于全坝与江心洲同时存在时的泄流量。为此在河道整治过程中可充分利用橡胶坝与洲滩的相互影响，以达到防洪和生态兼顾的效果。

Experimental Study of Relationship between Upstream of Beach and Rubber Dam

The sand bar in middle of river or beach plays role in shaping the river channel and restricting water flow. Under different discharge conditions, the impact of interaction between sand bar in middle of river and rubber dam (the whole dam and the opening dam) on the water level and flow velocity of the upstream dam site is simulated with experiment. And then during the flood period, the influence of different dam types in sand bar in middle of river on discharge is analyzed. The results show that the influence on hydraulic characteristics between the whole dam and sand bar in middle of river is more obvious than that between the opening dam and sand bar in middle of river; furthermore, the discharge of the former is less than that of the latter in the flood period. So, the interaction between sand bar in middle of river and rubber dam can be applied to regulate the river channel and achieve the effect of flood control and ecological protection.