乳铁蛋白的抗病毒活性

和很多金属结合蛋白一样,乳铁蛋白是一种结合铁离子的糖蛋白,这种糖蛋白发现在人和牛乳中,由中性粒细胞和几种粘膜细胞分泌。已经发现乳铁蛋白有很多功能,属于非特异性免疫系统,具有与众不同的抗病毒活性。本文将就目前有关乳铁蛋白抗不同病毒的活性和抗病毒模式进行综述。乳铁蛋白表现出抗人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、抗RNA和DNA病毒、包括呼吸道合胞体病毒和疱疹病毒等。乳铁蛋白最主要的抗病毒机理就是作用于病毒侵染的早期,防止病毒对宿主细胞的识别和入侵。这种钝化病毒侵染能力的机制是通过切断病毒对受体的接触和识别或直接结合到病毒粒子上使其失去侵染能力。这显然是一种全新的不同于以前的细胞因子,如干扰素的抗病毒机制。

Reviews on Antiviral Activity of Lactoferrin

Like many metal-binding proteins, lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein found in high concentrations in human and bovine milk, in the granules of neutrophils and several mucosal secretions. Many biological functions have been ascribed to LF (lactoferrin). It is a component of the non-specific immune system with distinct antiviral properties. This pape reviews the present knowledge about the antiviral activities and, when possible, the antiviral modes of action of this protein. Lactoferrin displays antiviral activity against HIV, both DNA- and RNA-viruses, including rotavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and herpes viruses. The most antiviral effects of LF are in the early phase of infection. Lactoferrin prevents entry of virus in the host cell, either by blocking cellular receptors, or by direct binding to the virus particles. This obviously is quite different from the cytokine such as INF before.